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Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD)

Overview

Corticobasal degeneration (CBD), also referred to as corticobasal syndrome, is a progressive and rare neurodegenerative disease, which generally starts between the age of 60–70 years and gradually affects movement, speech, and thinking abilities. 

Symptoms of CBD usually affect one side of the body more than the other and worsen over time. Common features include:

  • Asymmetrical loss of motor function, affecting one side more than the other
  • Axial rigidity with slowing of movements
  • Abnormal posturing of limbs (dystonia of hand/ leg)
  • Muscle twitches or jerks
  • Alien limb phenomenon- feeling that your hand has a mind of its own
  • Difficulty in doing learned motor activities (apraxia)
  • Difficulty in speech and language

CBD occurs due to abnormal deposition of Tau proteins in the aging brain, which damages brain cells and leads to nerve dysfunction. 

Doctors use multiple tools to diagnose CBD and rule out similar conditions:

  • Clinical examination: to rule out Parkinson’s disease or other Parkinson-plus syndromes
  • MRI brain: to look for specific areas of atrophy
  • PET scan: to detect areas of abnormalities or degeneration in the brain

Currently, there is no cure for CBD, but treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life:

  • Medication like levodopa to improve the slow movement
  • Medications to manage myoclonus (muscle jerks)
  • Physiotherapy, speech, and occupational therapy to help with mobility, daily activities, and communication

Seek medical advice if you notice:

  • Persistent stiffness or slowing of movements on one side of the body
  • Difficulty in performing simple tasks with the hands or legs
  • Sudden jerks, abnormal posturing, or uncontrolled limb movements
  • Speech or language difficulties that worsen over time

There are no proven preventive measures for CBD, as the exact cause is unknown. Early medical evaluation can help manage symptoms more effectively.

For diagnosis and management of CBD, consult a Neurologist (specialist in brain and nerve disorders).

Disclaimer:

The information in this Health Library is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional with any questions about a medical condition or before starting any treatment. Use of this site and its content does not establish a doctor–patient relationship. In case of a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or visit the nearest emergency facility immediately.