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Foot Drop

Overview

Foot drop is the inability to lift the front part of the foot. It is characterised by weakness or paralysis of the muscles of the foot that help to lift the foot off the ground. It results in dragging of the foot while walking. 

Common signs and symptoms include:

  • Difficulty lifting the front of the foot
  • Dragging or slapping of foot while walking
  • May be associated with tingling or numbness of foot
  • May be associated with pain in foot

Foot drop may occur due to:

  • Muscle or nerve damage
  • Neurological disorders (stroke, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, peripheral neuropathy as a part of diabetic neuropathy or multiple motor neuropathy)
  • Trauma to the leg or foot
  • Nerve compression as a result of positioning/ surgery

To identify the cause and severity of foot drop, doctors may use:

  • Nerve conduction studies to assess nerve damage
  • MRI neurography to locate nerve injury/ compression
  • MRI spine to rule out radiculopathy/ root compression

Management depends on the underlying cause and severity:

  • Physiotherapy to strengthen muscles and improve mobility
  • Orthotic devices or braces to support foot and ankle
  • Assistive devices to aid walking
  • Surgery to repair/ decompress damaged nerves/ muscles
  • Electrical stimulation therapy to activate weakened muscles

Seek medical advice if you notice:

  • Sudden or gradual difficulty lifting your foot
  • Frequent tripping or dragging of your toes while walking
  • Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the leg or foot

While foot drop cannot always be prevented, some measures may reduce risk:

  • Managing diabetes with good sugar control
  • Avoiding prolonged nerve compression (e.g., sitting cross-legged for long periods)
  • Wearing protective gear during sports or high-risk activities

For diagnosis and management of foot drop, consult a Neurologist (specialist in brain and nerve disorders).

Disclaimer:

The information in this Health Library is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional with any questions about a medical condition or before starting any treatment. Use of this site and its content does not establish a doctor–patient relationship. In case of a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or visit the nearest emergency facility immediately.