Lip Darkening

The conditions can occur due to different mechanisms:

• Hyperpigmentation is lip darkening caused by excess melanin production.
• Cyanosis is a blue or purplish lip discolouration caused by reduced oxygen levels in the blood.

Symptoms include:

• Darkened lips
• Uneven or patchy lip colour
• In some cases, bluish or purplish discolouration

Lip darkening may result from:

• Sun exposure
• Smoking and tobacco use
• Dehydration
• Certain medications
• Allergies or underlying systemic conditions.

A dermatologist can diagnose lip darkening through:

• Visual examination
• Medical history review to identify contributing factors
• Additional tests if systemic causes (e.g., cyanosis) are suspected

Treatment depends on the underlying cause; these include:

• Topical lightening agents to reduce pigmentation
• Laser therapy (e.g., Q-Switch YAG) for persistent pigmentation
• Lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, improving hydration, and sun protection

Seek medical care if:

• Lip darkening appears suddenly or worsens without clear cause
• Bluish or purplish discolouration develops (possible sign of underlying oxygen-related conditions)

Simple daily habits can help maintain natural lip colour and prevent darkening.

• Regular use of lip balms with SPF.
• Staying hydrated.
• Avoiding smoking and excessive caffeine intake.
• Using mild, non-irritating lip products.

Consult a dermatologist for pigmentation-related issues and a physician if cyanosis or systemic illness is suspected